* Plot: The sequence of events. This often includes a beginning (exposition, introducing characters and setting), rising action (complications and conflict), climax (the peak of the conflict), falling action (the aftermath of the climax), and resolution (the outcome).
* Characters: The people (or animals, etc.) involved in the story. This includes their personalities, motivations, and relationships. A protagonist (main character) and antagonist (opposing force) are often central.
* Setting: The time and place where the story occurs. This includes the physical environment, social context, and historical period.
* Theme: The underlying message or meaning of the story. This is often a broader statement about life, human nature, or society. It's not always explicitly stated.
* Conflict: The central problem or struggle in the story. This could be internal (within a character) or external (between characters or a character and their environment).
These five elements are interconnected and work together to create a cohesive and engaging narrative. Knowing these basics helps you understand and analyze any story.