* Irony: A significant tool. Satire often presents the opposite of what is meant, creating a humorous or shocking contrast. This can be verbal irony (saying the opposite of what you mean), situational irony (the opposite of what's expected happens), or dramatic irony (the audience knows something the characters don't).
* Exaggeration (Hyperbole): Satirical pieces often blow things out of proportion to emphasize their absurdity or flaws. This makes the target's flaws more obvious and easier to laugh at.
* Understatement (Litotes): The opposite of hyperbole; downplaying something to highlight its true significance. This can be subtly sarcastic and effective.
* Parody: Imitating the style of a particular person, genre, or work to expose its weaknesses or make a humorous point.
* Sarcasm: Using words that mean the opposite of what's intended, often with a mocking tone.
* Ridicule: Openly mocking or making fun of something or someone to expose their flaws or weaknesses.
* Incongruity: Placing elements together that don't normally belong, creating a jarring or humorous effect. This highlights the absurdity of the situation.
* Wit: Clever and insightful humor; often uses wordplay or unexpected turns of phrase.
Important Note: The key is *intent*. Satire aims to critique and provoke thought, not just to be funny. While it can be very funny, the underlying purpose is to make a point about something the author finds problematic. If something is simply meant to be humorous without a critical or corrective aim, it's not satire.
If you're unsure if something is satire, consider:
* The context: Where did you encounter it? What is the author's known stance on relevant issues?
* The target: Is the piece clearly mocking or criticizing a specific person, institution, or idea?
* The overall effect: Does the piece leave you thinking about the issues it raises, rather than just feeling amused?
If the answer to these questions points towards criticism and social commentary veiled in humor, then it's likely satire.