What was the original purpose of manga?

The original purpose of manga was to provide entertainment and education to the masses in Japan. Manga first emerged in the 12th century as monochromatic illustrated scrolls known as emaki, which were used to tell stories and convey religious teachings. Over time, manga evolved into more complex formats, such as illustrated novels known as kibyōshi in the 18th century and satirical caricatures called ukiyo-e in the 19th century. These early forms of manga were widely accessible and served as a means of mass communication, addressing social and political issues of the time while also providing humor and escapism. Eventually, in the 20th century, manga developed into the modern format that we know today, encompassing a wide range of genres and targeting diverse audiences.